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不定式的用法

1、不定式是一种非限定动词,通常由"to+动词原形"构成,如to be,to do,to combine,to expand,to getup等。这里的to是不定式的符号,没有词义,有时还可以省略。

2、动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

3、不定式在句中不能单独用作谓语,但还保留着动词的若干特征:可以带状语,及物动词可以带宾语,系动词可以带表语。

4、不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语。

不定式的用法:不定式(短语)在句中起相当于名词、形容词或副词的作用,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补语。

1、具有名词的性质

①用作主语。

例句:

(1)To live is to function.That is all there is inliving.(Holmes)

活着就要发挥作用,这就是生活的全部真谛。

(2)To live of money is the root of all evil.(R.L.Stevenson)

迷恋金钱是一切罪恶的根源。

(3)To be ignorant of one's ignorance is the malady of the ignorant.(A.B.Alcott)不知道

自己的无知,是无知者的可悲之处。

ps:不定式、特别是不定式短语作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,往往把主语放在句子末尾,而在它原来的位置上加上引导词it作形式上的主语。

例句:

(1)To make you understand him completely is impossible.

→It is impossible to make you understand him completely.

让你们完全了解他是不可能的。

(2)To run machines needs power.

→It needs power to run machines.

开动机器需要动力。

(3)To remember to switch off the electricity is important.

→It's important to remember to switch off the electricity.

重要的是要记住关掉电源。

【注】"It is+形容词+of sb.to do"句型一般可转换成一个不定式作状语的句子,语义不变;而"It is+形容词+for sb.todo”句型则不可以。

②用作表语。

例句:

(1)Her wish was to become a teacher.

她的愿望是当个教师。

(2)The most dif?cult thing in life is to know yourself.(Thales)

人生最难是自知。

(3)To know everything is to know nothing.

样样都懂,样样稀松。

ps:1、带wh-疑问词的不定式短语可作表语。

例句:

Our difficulty is where to find a guide.

我们的困难是到哪里去找向导。

2、用介词for引出不定式的逻辑主语的不定式复合结构,可作表语;这时,句中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。

例句:This form is for you to fill in.

这张表格由你来填写。

③用作宾语。

例句:

(1)The owner wanted to make a large purchase of gift beforeChristmas.

老板想在圣诞节前做一大笔礼品生意。

(2)I try to keep that in mind.

我努力记住这一点。

(3)He had decided to return after receiving the first letter fromTess.

收到苔丝的第一封信后,他便决定起程回来。

ps:作宾语的不定式后面如果有补语,可以用it作形式宾语,把真正宾语置于补语之后,以免宾语太长使句子显得不协调。在这种用法中,常见的动词有think, feel, make, find, consider, count,deem,judge,believe,take等。

例句:

(1)She thought it unnecessary to quarrel with him overtrifies.

她认为没必要为小事跟他争吵。

(2)I did not think it convenient to write about the matter.

我觉得写信谈这件事不合适。

(3)He found it utterly impossible to leave thespot.(T.Hardy)

他发现要离开这里是完全不可能的。

④用作宾语补语。

例句:

(1)I wanted something to happen to me,but nothinghappened.(L.Hughes)

我希望在我身上会发生些什么变化,可是什么都没发生。

(2)I know nothing about him and I beg you to tell menothing.

他的情况我并不知道,我也请求您别告诉我。

ps:在一些使役动词如make,let,have等和表示感觉的动词如see, watch, perceive, observe,notice,hear,feel,lookat,listen to等,作宾语补语的不定式须省略to。

例句:

(1)She let her hand fall from his arm and said no more.

她放开他的胳膊,没再说什么。

(2)Electricity makes machines run.

电使机器转动。

(3)Then she turned quickly away,and Reinhard heard her go sobbing up the

stairs.

她很快转过身,莱因哈特听到她抽泣着走上台阶。

⑤用作主语补语。

例句:

(1)This test is thought to have practical value.

大家认为这个试验有实际价值。

(2)He was seen to enter the laboratory.

有人看见他走进了实验室。

⑥用作同位语。

例句:

Their aspiration,to become free and independent,is deserving of every kind

of help from us.

他们想自由和独立的愿望值得我们给予各方面的援助。

2、具有形容词的性质

①用作定语。

例句:

(1)Can you think up a good way to deal with the ever increasingprices?

你们能否想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好办法?

(2)A letter from Clare gave her an excuse to leave.

克莱尔的一封来信给了她一个离开的借口。

(3)At present I have no lawful right to act for her.

目前,我还没有保护她的法律权利。

ps:如果不定式和被修饰的具体名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系,则不定式多半表示未来的动作,翻译时常须在不定式前加"要"字。

例句:

(1)We have three machines to repair today.

我们今天有三台机器要修理。

(2)Do you like something to drink?

你要喝点什么吗?

3、具有副词的性质

①用作状语。

目的状语:

例句:

(1)We use electrical energy to do many things.

我们用电能做许多事情。

(2)He will be in Atlanta Friday to speak with Captain Butler and to escort you

home.

星期五他要到亚特兰大,同巴特勒船长交涉,顺便带你回家。

(3)John hurried in order not to be late for the party.

约翰急急忙忙的,为了准时参加晚会。

结果状语:

例句:

①After the war they parted company,never to see each otheragain.

战后他们分了手,从此再也没见过面。

②She went abroad never to return.

她到国外去了,从此没有回来过。

原因状语:

例句:

(1)He laughed to see such fun.

他看见这么可笑的事笑了。

(2)I trembled to think of it.

一想到这件事,我就不寒而栗。

(3)He jumped with joy to learn his being admitted to theuniversity.

他知道被录取进大学高兴得跳起来。

条件状语:

例句:

(1)To hear him talk,you would think he owned the wholeworld.

如果你听他讲话,你会以为整个世界都是他的。

(2)A man would be blind not to see that.

一个人如果看不到这一点就是瞎子。

(3)They could have done better to have had some tools.

他们如果有些工具就会做得更好些。

方式状语:

例句:

(1)He cleared his throat as though to speak.

他清了清喉咙,好像要说话的样子。

(2)As if to justify his view,he cited some groundlessrumors.

好像要证明他的观点正确似的,他引述了一些毫无根据的传闻。

比较状语:

例句:

(1)I know better than to believe such a man.

我不至于相信这样一个人。

(2)The American president had no better choice than toresign.

这个美国总统除辞职外,别无更好的选择。

让步状语:

例句:

(1)To do his best,he could not ful?l his task in time.

即使他竭尽全力,仍然不能按时完成任务。

(2)You couldn't do that to save your life.

你即使为了救自己的命也不能那样做。

4、用作插入语。

例句:

(1)To begin with,we must consider the problem in an all-roundway.

首先,我们必须全面地考虑这个问题。

(2)Among the writers of his age,he was,so to speak,a giant amongdwarfs.

在同时代的作家中,他可以说是鹤立鸡群。

(3)To tell you the truth,they didn't quite like theidea.

实话告诉你,他们并不很喜欢这种想法。

用动词不定式改写句子用动词不定式(短语)的适当形式改写下列句子....

一般式一、表示将来即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。

如:We decided to leave early. 我们决定早点动身。

I hope to finish reading the book to night. 我希望今晚看完这本书。

I should like to give him a chance. 我愿意给他一个机会。

He asked me to buy him some paper. 他叫我给他买些纸。

We expect him to come in time. 我们希望他能及时来。

二、表示同时表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作。

如:He seems to be tired. 他似乎累了。

注:以下用作宾语补足语的不定式省略了to:Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的? Did you notice me pause? 你注没注意我停顿了一下?三、表示过去表示略先于谓语动作的动作。

如:I'm sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。

(to hear 略先于am sorry)Helen was pleased to see him. 海伦见到他很高兴。

I'm happy to meet you at last. 我很高兴我终于碰到了你。

I'm glad to see you looking so happy. 我很高兴看到你显得这样快活。

进行式一、表示同时表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。

如:He seems to be saying something. 他似乎在说什么。

He is thought to be hiding in the woods. 人们认为他躲在林子里。

It's nice to be sitting here with you. 和你一起坐在这儿真好。

Why's she so late?—She can't still be working. 她怎么这么晚还不来?——她不可能还在工作吧。

二、表示将来正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样,不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。

如:He was happy to be coming home. 就要回家了他感到高兴。

The old man seems to be dying. 这老人似乎要死了。

完成式一、表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作:He seems to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。

I hate to have quarreled with her. 我痛恨和她吵架。

I believe it to have been a mistake. 我相信这是一个错误。

You appear to have travelled quite a lot. 你似乎作过多次旅行。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。

It's said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 据说它是明朝修建的。

二、表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作:I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。

三、表示过去未曾实现的想法和愿望:I should like to have come earlier. 我本想早点来的。

We were to have been married last year. 我们本来打算去年结婚的。

用法汇总(1) 一是表示将来,即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。

如:We decided to leave early. 我们决定早点动身。

He asked me to buy him some paper. 他叫我给他买些纸。

We expect him to come in time. 我们希望他能及时来。

(2) 表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。

如:He seems to be tired. 他似乎累了。

Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的?I'm sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。

(to hear 略先于am sorry)

初中十个不定式句子

It's so nice of you to help me with my homework.你真是太好了,帮助我完成作业。

It's very difficult for me to do the math homework.数学作业对于我来讲太难了It takes my mother all day to do the housework.做家务花了我妈妈一整天的时间。

I have so many homework to do.我有许多作业要做。

enough+名词+to doeg: It's difficult enough to do my math homework. 数学作业太难了。

“It's time to do sth.”eg: It's time to go home. 是时候回家了。

I go to bed early in order to get up early in the next day.我那么早睡觉就是为了第二天能早起。

My little brother is too young to go to school. 我的弟弟太小而不能上学。

动词不定式作主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置,也可以用先行词it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。

常见的句式有:(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice, kind, clever, good, right, wrong, foolish, careless等形容词,与介词of搭配,这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质;句式(4)中常用hard, difficult, easy, important等形容词,与介词for搭配,表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。

用动名词,不定式各造5个句子(包括每个句子成份)

She hates speaking in the public.(动名词短语,作宾语)她不喜欢在公众场所讲话My hobby is swimming.(动名词作表语).Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。

(动名词作主语)We call the activity hiking.我们把这种活动叫做徒步旅行(动名词作补语)There is a swimming pool in our school.(动名词作定语)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语)Father will not allow us to play on the street.(不定式作补语)...

描写春天的20个句子短点

1.冬色爷爷送走了大地的严寒,春姑娘踏着轻盈的脚步来到了人间。

春天的景色十分美丽,就像一幅栩栩如生的画。

2. 春天的阳光格外明媚,春姑娘展开了笑脸,太阳,红红的光束射过来,那温柔地抚摸你,像年轻的母亲的手。

随着春姑娘轻快 的步伐,青青的小草,破土而出,偷偷的从土里钻出来,嫩嫩的,绿绿的。

在公园里,到处都可以看见这一些生命力顽强的小草。

3. 在这一个温暖的季节里,在树林里,许多的树木都开满了鲜艳的花朵;大家都不肯相让,红的、黄的、白的、紫的,各种各样 的花真像一个美丽的大花坛。

许许多多的蝴蝶和蜜蜂都闻到了花的香味,都不约而同地飞来采蜜,在半空中飞来飞去。

4. 在树林里,许多的小鸟在自由自在欢乐地飞翔着,高兴起来,便唱出清脆悦耳的曲子,和煦的春光吹拂着小河,河水忽然被一阵悦耳、动 听的笛声所牵动,放眼望去,一群顽皮的小孩子正用垂柳的茎做柳笛呢!他们吹出了心里的幸福和快乐。

5. 春天的雨是柔和的,只见春雨 在竹枝、竹叶上跳动着。

那雨时而直线滑落,时而随风飘洒,留下如烟、如雾、如纱、如丝的倩影,飞溅的雨花仿佛是琴铉上跳动的音符,奏 出优美的旋律。

6. 天空上,怎么是五颜六色的,使人眼花缭乱?啊,原来孩子们在防风筝呀。

在蓝天白云的照耀下 ,各种各样的风筝在自由自在地飘舞着,飞升着,多么使人心旷神怡的景象啊!7.春天是一个富有生命力的季节,也是一个美丽 、神奇,充满希望的季节。

8. 春天到了,各种绚丽的花朵都开放了,都是那么绚丽夺目。

田里农民伯伯种的油料作物——油菜花也开了。

金黄的油菜花,成了蝴蝶的天地,美丽的蝴蝶在金黄色的舞台上跳着柔和而优美的舞姿。

它们一会儿在空中飞舞,一会儿静静地停留在油菜花 上。

正是这样,给春天也增添了不少乐趣。

油菜花的美丽,同时也吸引了不少“劳动人民”——蜜蜂,蜜蜂总是不分昼夜地不辞辛劳地给油菜 花授粉。

偶尔一阵微风吹来,金黄的油菜花立刻涌起了高低起伏的“金浪花”。

远远望去,实在令人美不胜收!9. 如今,春季已到。

春天是一年中最美丽的季节,古往今来人们几乎用尽了所有美好的词语诗句来 形容、赞美春天。

春天,带给人生命力,带给人希望。

10. 可爱的春姑娘,迈着轻盈的步子来到人间,那一片生机的景象便随之来到四面八方,整个世界像刚从一个漫长的睡梦中苏醒过来。

11. 小燕子拖着剪刀似的尾巴,回到北方的家乡,它们“叽喳,叽喳”地叫着,好像在说:“春来了,春来了!”12. 春天来了!你看,融化的冰水把小溪弄醒了。

“丁冬、丁冬”,它就像大自然的神奇歌手,唱着清脆悦耳的歌,向前奔流…… 13. 冬爷爷刚走,春姑娘就提着百花篮,伴着春风,带着春雨,悄悄地来到了人间,顿时,大地万物复苏,乌语花香,呈现出一派生气。

14. 田野上,麦苗返青,一望无边,仿佛绿色的波浪。

那金黄色的野菜花,在绿波中闪光。

15. 春季,一片生机勃勃,万物复苏,春意盎然。

瞧,随着“春姑娘”的到来,可爱的小动物们都蹦蹦跳跳的跑出来了,孩子们也笑奔跑出来了,与风筝一同享受春的乐趣。

16. 我喜欢在春季欣赏大自然,因为这时,举目望去,都已是绿荫荫的一大片,有翠绿色,墨绿色,黑绿色,茶绿色......呵,绿的山,绿的水,不得不使人感到心旷神怡。

17. 吹拂过绿叶的风,变的格外温柔,太阳也变得暖洋洋的,绿叶们则托出了一个个娇嫩浴滴的花骨朵。

微风中,它们轻轻摇曳着,害羞地露出了笑脸。

18. 春季的歌洋溢在每一个角落里,从幽静的乡村到沸腾的城市,看看那厂房与街道,春季煞是惹人喜爱。

你看,街心花园中,百花争艳,姹红焉子,竞相开放,可真是美不胜收呀!淡雅的色彩和芳香诉说着春季的情怀。

19. 春季,一个静与动完美结合的时节。

春季像一个天使,踏着愉快的脚步,翩翩来到人间。

春季像一位花样年华的少女,鼓动着飘逸的风情。

春季像一位画家,涂满了蓬勃的色彩。

春季像一首瑰丽的诗,如梦般甜蜜,如酒般香醇。

20. 春——是鲜花的笑脸,是泛着淡淡新绿的柳枝在舒展筋骨,是草儿睁开了朦胧的睡眼,看世界;春——是天空中摇曳着的形形色色的风筝,是那手牵风筝线在山上山下跑来跑去的孩子;

主谓双宾20句子的句型

主谓结构,I study. 主谓宾:I like banana. 主系表:I am a student. 主谓双宾:I give a pencil to him. 主谓符合宾语:I make him happy. 1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] 如:The children are playing happily. 孩子们正在高兴地玩。

2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] 如:The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜欢住在中国。

3. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P] 该句型谓语动词为连系动词。

常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。

如: ① He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。

② The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO] 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。

也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或to。

如: ① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。

② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him. 我把盐递给他。

5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] 如:We must keep our school clean. 我们必须保持我们的学校清洁。

1. Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有:appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。

如: The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。

2. Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语) 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类: (1)表示状态的连系动词。

这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。

如: Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。

We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。

This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。

The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。

(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。

这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。

如: Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。

The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。

3. Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。

同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。

作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。

如: You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。

Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。

She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。

I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页。

4. Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”。

如: Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。

这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型:1)动词 + 宾语 + for sb.; 2)动词 + 宾语+to sb.。

如: Please show me your picture. -Please show your picture to me. 请把你的画给我看一下。

I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don?t lose heart. —I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart. 只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会的。

5. Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语) 这种句型中的宾语+ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”。

担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。

如:Keep the children quiet, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。

He painted the wall white. 他把墙漆成白色。

We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。

His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。

如: The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。

1. 主语+ 不及物动词 例:It is raining heavily. My tooth aches. 2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 例:They enjoy the play. I met John in the street yesterday. 3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 例:He is out. Jenny is fine. It looks like rain, soon. 4 主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语 例:He bought her a watch. The sun gives us light. 注意:双宾语一个指人(即间接宾语...

用动词不定式改写下列句子1.theaccidentwassoterriblethatwecan`...

the accident was too terrible to talk about itwas cortes the first european to see the pacific ocean?here is something to do while you`re waiting.i haven`t decided to answer his letter or notshe stood up to be seen better6.my brother got up early to have enough time to pack7.i`ll buy you some magazines to read on the journey8.we thought it is wrong to punish him9.i didn`t know whether he had changed his mind about what to say10.we consider the girl to be trustworthy

用动词不定式及它的否定形式造三个句子

用动词不定式及它的否定形式造三个句子(1) 三个动词不定式肯定To work out this difficult problem in three days is impossible =It is impossible to work out this difficult problem in three daysTo learn English so well is of great importance to us all =It is of great importance to us all to learn English so well iTo swim across the river is very easy for the little boy =It is very easy for the little boy to swim across the river (1) 三个动词不定式否定Our teacher often tells us not to be late for school His parents want him not to play with those bad boys The girls are told not to go out alone in the evening /at night

it is+形容词+动词不定式的的句子10个

1、It is important for us to learn English。

学习英语很重要2、It is kind of you to meet me here. 很高兴认识你3、It is easy to answer these questions。

回答这些问题很简单4、It is difficut to do my homework on my own. 做家庭作业很难5、It is impolite to talk loudly in public places. 在公共场所大声喧哗是不礼貌的6、It is not good to eat too muck chocolate。

吃太多巧克力是不太好的。

7、It is bad to hear the news。

听到这个消息很糟糕8、It is dangerous to play with fire。

玩火是很危险的。

9、It is helpful to study Chinese。

学习汉语很有用10、It is necessary to do it。

做这件事是很有必要的。

...

不定式的用法:等您坐沙发呢!

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